Which process is known as the Calvin Cycle?

The Calvin Cycle is a series of light-independent reactions that occur during photosynthesis, primarily in the stroma of chloroplasts. This cycle uses ATP and NADPH, which are produced during the light-dependent reactions, to convert carbon dioxide into glucose and other carbohydrates.

In this process, carbon fixation occurs as carbon dioxide is attached to a five-carbon sugar called ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP), ultimately leading to the synthesis of glucose. Since the Calvin Cycle does not directly require light to proceed, it is classified as a light-independent set of reactions, distinguishing it from other processes that rely specifically on light energy.

This understanding underscores the crucial role of ATP and NADPH in providing the energy and reducing power necessary for the reactions within the Calvin Cycle. Consequently, recognizing the Calvin Cycle as a light-independent process utilizing ATP and NADPH highlights its essential function in the overall process of photosynthesis, which ultimately enables plants to convert solar energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.